Carotenemia

Carotenemia is a skin condition caused by excessive intake of carotene from various vegetables and citrus fruits which contain it. It consists of the yellowing of the skin, especially in areas where skin is thick, or areas of subcutaneous fat. It does not affect the eyes, mouth or nostrils. The condition may persist for up to several months after treatment due to the accumulation of carotene.

Carotenemia is most often seen in children, who consume large amounts of mashed or pureed vegetables, which cause the carotene in food to be more readily absorbed. The condition is also seen in vegetarians who consume excessive amounts of vegetables containing carotene. Carotenemia is more likely to appear in persons affected with conditions which affect metabolism, such as liver disease, hypothyroidism, and diabetes. Very rarely, a gene defect can adversely affect the body's ability to metabolize carotene, causing carotenemia without excessive intake.

Differential Diagnosis (Other conditions with similar appearance)
Jaundice
Riboflavinemia
Lycopenemia

Diagnosis is generally based on the appearance of symptoms, and confirmed with blood testing to determine if carotene levels are elevated, and to rule out similar appearing conditions. Liver or other testing may be performed if an associated disease is suspected.